Festuca ovina L. (Овсянница овечья, Poaceae)

Описание: Пленчатая зерновка ладьевидно-шиловидная, коротко остистая, 3,5 – 4 мм длиной, 0,75 – 1 мм шириной, 0,5 мм толщиной. Внешняя цветковая чешуя на спинке округлая, в верхней части килеватая. Внутренняя чешуя пленчатая, с двумя килями. Кили в верхней половине зубчатые. Стерженек в сечении округлый, прямо усеченный, 0,8 – 1 мм длиной (Доброхотов, 1961; Броувер, Штелин, 2010).

Распространение: барохория (Strykstra, Bekker, Van Andel, 2002); анемохория (Jongejans, Schippers, 1999; Tackenberg, 2001; Engler et al, 2009; Botanischer…); гидрохория (Andersson et al., 2000); эпизоохория (Clifford, 1956; Poschlod et al., 1998; Jentsch, 2001; Strykstra, Bekker, Van Andel, 2002; Römermann et al., 2005; Palisaar, 2006; Wessels, 2007; Wessels et al., 2008; Botanischer…); эндозоохория (Pakeman et al., 1998; Poschlod et al., 1998; Pakeman et al., 1999; Dai, 2000; Tackenberg, 2001; Mitlacher et al., 2002; Pakeman et al., 2002; Cosyns, 2003 – 2004; Bonn, 2004; Mouissie et al., 2005a, 2005b; Bakker et al., 2008; Iravani et al., 2011; Fazelian et al., 2013; Botanischer…); мирмекохория (Sernander, 1901).

Вес 1000 диаспор, г: 0,3 (Weberseeds...); 0,31 (Jongejans, Schippers, 1999); 0,32 (Bakker et al., 2008); 0,34 (Schleicher, 2010); 0,38 (Grime et al., 1981); 0,4 (Броувер, Штелин, 2009); 0,468 (Bruun H.H., Ten Brink, 2008); 0,5 (Доброхотов, 1961; Bakker et al., 1996; Wessels, 2007; Wessels et al., 2008; Datenbank…); 0,6 (Royal…); 0,8 (Römermann et al., 2005); 0,83 (Oster et al., 2009); 0,86957 (Jelitto ...); 0,89 (Moles, Westoby, 2003); 0,8903 (Török et al., 2013)

Литература: 

Броувер В., Штелин А. Справочник по семеноведению сельскохозяйственных, лесных и декоративных культур с ключом для определения важнейших семян. Пер. с нем. М.: Т-во науч. изд. КМК, 2010. 694 с.

Доброхотов В.Н. Семена сорных растений М.: Сельхозиздат, 1961. 414 с.

Andersson E., Nilsson C. & Johansson M.E. Plant dispersal along boreal rivers and its relation to the riparian flora // Journal of Biogeographyю 2000. Vol. 27 27, N 5. P. 1095–1106.

Bakker, J.P., Bakker, E.S., Rosén, E. ,Verweij, G.L., Bekker, R.M. Soil seed bank composition along a gradient from dry alvar grassland to Juniperus shrubland // Journal of Vegetation Science 1996, Vol. 7, N 2. P. 165-176.

Bakker J. P., Galvez Bravo L., Mouissie A. M. Dispersal by cattle of salt-marsh and dune species into salt-marsh and dune communities // Plant Ecol. 2008. Vol. 197. P. 43–54.

Bakker J. P., Galvez Bravo L., Mouissie A. M. Dispersal by cattle of salt-marsh and dune species into salt-marsh and dune communities // Plant Ecol. 2008. Vol. 197. P. 43–54.

Bonn S. 2004. Dispersal of plants in the Central European landscapes – dispersal processes and assessment of dispersal potential exemplified for endozoochory. PhD thesis, Universität Regensburg.

Botanischer Informationsknoten Bauern. Arbeitsgemeinschaft Flora von Bauern
http://www.bayernflora.de/de/index.php

Bruun H.H., Ten Brink D.-J. Recruitment advantage of large seeds is greater in shaded habitats // Ecoscience 2008. Vol. 15, № 4. P. 498 – 507.

Clifford H.T. Seed dispersal on footwear // Proc. Bot. Soc. Brit. Isles 1956. Vol. 2. P. 129 – 131.

Cosyns E. Ungulate Seed dispersal Aspect of endozoochory in a semi-natural landscape Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor [Ph.D.] in Sciences Universiteit Gent Faculteit Wetenschappen Academiejaar 2003-2004.

Dai Xiaobing Impact of cattle dung deposition on the distribution pattern of plant species in an alvar limestone grassland // Journal of Vegetation Science. 2000. Vol. 11. P. 715-724.

Datenbank biologisch-ökologischer Merkmale der Flora von Deutschland
http://www2.ufz.de/biolflor/overview/gattung.jsp

Engler R., Randin C.F., Vittoz P., Czaka T., Beniston M., Zimmermann N.E., Guizon A. Predicting future distribution of mountain plants under climate change: does dispersal, capacity matter. Ecography. 2009. Vol. 32. P. 34 – 45.

Fazelian S., Kohyani P. T., Shirmardi H. A. Endozoochorous seed dispersal of plant species in semi-steppe rangelands // Int. J. Adv. Biol. Biom. Res. 2013; 2(2):473-486.

Grime J.P., Mason G., Curtis A.V., Rodman J., Band S.R., Mowforth M.A.G., Neal A.M., Shaw S. A comparative study of germination characteristic in a local flora // Journ. Ecol. 1981. Vol. 69. P. 1017 – 1059.

Iravani M., Schütz M., Edwards P. J., Risch A. C., Scheidegger C., Wagner H. H. Seed dispersal in red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) dung and its potential importance for vegetation dynamics in subalpine grasslands. Basic and Applied Ecology. 2011. Vol. 12, N 6. P. 505 – 515.

Jelitto perennial seeds URL: http://www.jelitto.com/index.php?lang=0&

Jentsch A. A case study in dry acidic grasslands. Dissertation zur Erlangung des naturwisssenschaften Doktorgrades der Universitat Bielefeld. Bielefeld, 2001. 221 S.

Jongejans E., Schippers P. Modeling seed dispersal by wind in herbaceous species. // Oikos 1999. Vol. 87. P. 362-372.

Mitlacher K., Poschlod P., Rosén E., Bakker J.P. Restoration of wooded meadows – a comparative analysis along a chronosequence on Öland (Sweden) // Applied Vegetation Science 2002. Vol. 5. P. 63-73.

Mouissie A.M., Lengkeek W., Van Diggelen R. Estimating adhesive seed dispersal distances: field experiments and correlated random walks // Funct. Ecol. 2005a. Vol. 19. P. 478–486.

Mouissie AM, Vos P, Verhagen HMC et al (2005b) Endozoochory by free ranging, large herbivores: ecological correlates and perspectives for restoration. Basic Appl Ecol 6:547–558.

Moles A.T., Westoby M. 2003. Latitude, seed predation and seed mass. Journ. Biogeogr. Vol. 30, N 1. P. 105–128.

Oster M, Ask K, Cousins S.A.O., Eriksson O. Dispersal and establishment limitation reduces the potential for successful restoration of semi-natural grassland communities on former arable fields // Journal of Applied Ecology. 2009a. Vol. 46. P. 1266–1274.

Pakeman R.J., Attwood J.P., Engelen J. Sources of plant colonising experimentally disturbed patches in an acidic grassland, eastern England // Journal of Ecology. 1998. Vol. 86. P. 1032–1040.

Pakeman R. J., Digneffe G., Small J. L. Ecological correlates of endosoochory by herbivores // Functional Ecology. 2002. Vol. 16, N 3. P. 296–304.

Pakeman R.J., Engelen J., Attwood J.P. Rabbit endozoochory and seedbank build-up in an acidic grassland // Plant Ecol. 1999. Vol. 145. P. 83-90.

Palisaar J. The floodplain medows of Soomaa National Park Estonia. Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultat III – Biologie und vorklinische Medizin – der Universitat Regensburg. Edertal, 2006. 261 p.

Poschlod P., Kiefer S., Tränkle U., Fischer S., Bonn, S. Plant species richness in calcareous grasslands as affected by dispersability in space and time // Applied Vegetation Science 1998. Vol. 1, N 1. P. 75-91.

Römermann C., Tackenberg O., Poschlod P. How to predict attachment potentials of seeds to sheep and cattle coat from simple morphological seed traits // Oikos. 2005. Vol. 110, N 2. P. 219–230.

Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. (2008) Seed Information Database (SID). Version 7.1. Available from: http://data.kew.org/sid / (May 2008)

Schleicher A. Spatiotemporally explicit incidence analysis of plant functional groups in metacommunities. Dissertation…Doktors der Naturwissenschaften. Oldenburgg, 2010. 223 S.

Sernander R. Den skandinavska vegetationen Spriningsbiologi. Berlin-Upsala, 1901. 459 S.

Strykstra R.J., Bekker R.M., Van Andel J. Dispersal and life span spectra in plant communities: a key to safe site dynamics, species coexistence and conservation // Ecography. 2002. Vol. 25. P. 145 – 160.

Tackenberg O. Metoden zur Bewertung gradueller Unterscheide des Ausbreitungspotentials von Pflanzenarten. Modelierung des Ausbreitungspotentials und Regelbasierte Abteilung des Fernausbreitungspotentials. Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Naturwissenschaften. Marburg/Lahn. 2001. 132 S.

Török P., Miglécz T., Valkó O., Tóth K., Kelemen A., Albert Á.-J., Matus G., Molnár A.V., Ruprecht E., Papp L., Deák B., Horváth O., Takács A., Hüse B., Tóthmérész B. New thousand-seed weight records of the pannonian flora and their application in analysing social behaviour types // Acta Bot. Hungarica. 2013. Vol. 55, № 3–4. P. 429–472.

Weberseeds.de URL: http://www.weberseeds.de/index.html

Wessels S. C. The contribution of sheep zoochory to the conservation andrestoration of target plant communities in isolated sand ecosystems. Vom Fachbereich Biologie der Technischen Universität Darmstadt zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doctor rerum naturalium genehmigte Dissertation. Darmstadt 2007 163 S.

Wessels S., Eichberg C., Storm C., Schwabe A. Do plant-community-based grazing regimes lead to epizoochorous dispersal of hight proportions of target species // Flora. 2008. Vol. 203. P. 304 – 326.

Этикетка: Малаховка. 22.07.1941.